Identification of the active site of DS-epimerase 1 and requirement of N-glycosylation for enzyme function.
Författare
Summary, in English
Dermatan sulfate is a highly sulfated polysaccharide and has a variety of biological functions in development and disease. Iduronic acid domains in dermatan sulfate, which are formed by the action of two DS-epimerases, have a key role in mediating these functions. We have identified the catalytic site and three putative catalytic residues in DS-epimerase 1, His205, Tyr261 and His450, by tertiary structure modeling and amino acid conservation to heparinase II. These residues were systematically mutated to alanine or more conserved residues, which resulted in complete loss of epimerase activity. Based on these data, and the close relationship between lyase and epimerase reactions, we propose a model where His450 functions as a general base abstracting the C5-proton from glucuronic acid. Subsequent cleavage of the glycosidic linkage by Tyr261 generates a 4,5-unsaturated hexuronic intermediate, which is protonated at the C5-carbon by His205 from the side of the sugar plane opposite to the side of previous proton abstraction. Concomitant recreation of the glycosidic linkage ends the reaction generating iduronic acid. In addition, we show that proper N-glycosylation of DS-epimerase 1 is required for enzyme activity. This study represents the first description of the structural basis for epimerization by a glycosaminoglycan epimerase.
Avdelning/ar
- Matrix Biology
- Infektionsmedicin
Publiceringsår
2009
Språk
Engelska
Sidor
1741-1747
Publikation/Tidskrift/Serie
Journal of Biological Chemistry
Volym
284
Issue
3
Länkar
Dokumenttyp
Artikel i tidskrift
Förlag
American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Ämne
- Cell and Molecular Biology
Status
Published
Forskningsgrupp
- Matrix Biology
ISBN/ISSN/Övrigt
- ISSN: 1083-351X