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Virulence mechanisms of Moraxella in the pathogenesis of infection.

In English

Författare

Summary, in English

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Moraxella catarrhalis is an emerging human-specific pathogen responsible for upper and lower respiratory tract infections. Understanding the events in the complex pathogenesis and underlying mechanisms during M. catarrhalis infection is a key to the development of novel therapeutics and vaccines. RECENT FINDINGS: Several novel findings have been reported on Moraxella pathogenesis and, in parts, explain how the species stands as a commensal in preschool children and survives in the host. Molecular structures for different adhesins in addition to target ligands with respect to signalling and invasion have been defined. Evasion of the complement system allows Moraxella to survive in the mucosa and by neutralizing [alpha]1-antichymotrypsin the protease activity is increased, resulting in tissue destruction and thus promotion of bacterial attachment. Moraxella-dependent cell activation via immunoglobulin D in addition to toll-like receptors and specific epithelial cell inhibition by cross-linking of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule-1 in the early innate immune response and, finally, the ability of M. catarrhalis to form biofilms are other specific research areas of interest. SUMMARY: Recent advances have allowed a more detailed picture of the processes involved in bacteria-host cell interactions, the cause of inflammatory processes and specific host defense responses against the intriguing species Moraxella.

Publiceringsår

2009

Språk

Engelska

Sidor

279-285

Publikation/Tidskrift/Serie

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

Volym

22

Issue

3

Dokumenttyp

Artikel i tidskrift

Förlag

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Ämne

  • Microbiology in the medical area

Nyckelord

  • Virulence Factors: physiology
  • Respiratory Tract Infections: microbiology
  • Moraxellaceae Infections: microbiology
  • Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis: pathogenicity
  • Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis: immunology
  • Bacterial Proteins: physiology
  • Biomedical Research: trends

Status

Published

Forskningsgrupp

  • Clinical Microbiology, Malmö

ISBN/ISSN/Övrigt

  • ISSN: 1473-6527