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Optogenetic control of epileptiform activity.

Författare

Summary, in English

The optogenetic approach to gain control over neuronal excitability both in vitro and in vivo has emerged as a fascinating scientific tool to explore neuronal networks, but it also opens possibilities for developing novel treatment strategies for neurologic conditions. We have explored whether such an optogenetic approach using the light-driven halorhodopsin chloride pump from Natronomonas pharaonis (NpHR), modified for mammalian CNS expression to hyperpolarize central neurons, may inhibit excessive hyperexcitability and epileptiform activity. We show that a lentiviral vector containing the NpHR gene under the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIalpha promoter transduces principal cells of the hippocampus and cortex and hyperpolarizes these cells, preventing generation of action potentials and epileptiform activity during optical stimulation. This study proves a principle, that selective hyperpolarization of principal cortical neurons by NpHR is sufficient to curtail paroxysmal activity in transduced neurons and can inhibit stimulation train-induced bursting in hippocampal organotypic slice cultures, which represents a model tissue of pharmacoresistant epilepsy. This study demonstrates that the optogenetic approach may prove useful for controlling epileptiform activity and opens a future perspective to develop it into a strategy to treat epilepsy.

Publiceringsår

2009

Språk

Engelska

Sidor

12162-12167

Publikation/Tidskrift/Serie

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Volym

106

Issue

29

Dokumenttyp

Artikel i tidskrift

Förlag

National Academy of Sciences

Ämne

  • Neurosciences
  • Neurology

Nyckelord

  • NpHR
  • paroxysmal depolarizing shift (PDS)
  • epilepsy
  • hippocampus
  • stimulation train-induced bursting (STIB)

Status

Published

Forskningsgrupp

  • CNS Gene Therapy
  • Experimental Epilepsy Group

ISBN/ISSN/Övrigt

  • ISSN: 1091-6490