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Smallpox vaccination and all-cause infectious disease hospitalization: a Danish register-based cohort study.

In English

Författare

  • Signe Sørup
  • Marie Villumsen
  • Henrik Ravn
  • Christine Stabell Benn
  • Thorkild I A Sørensen
  • Peter Aaby
  • Tine Jess
  • Adam Roth

Summary, in English

BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence from observational studies and randomized trials in low-income countries that vaccinations have non-specific effects. Administration of live vaccines reduces overall child morbidity and mortality, presumably due to protection against non-targeted infections. In Denmark, the live vaccine against smallpox was phased out in the 1970s due to the eradication of smallpox. We used the phasing-out period to investigate the effect of smallpox vaccination on the risk of hospitalization for infections. METHODS: From the Copenhagen School Health Records Register, a cohort of 4048 individuals was sampled, of whom 3559 had information about receiving or not receiving smallpox vaccination. Infectious disease hospitalizations were identified in the Danish National Patient Register. RESULTS: During 87 228 person-years of follow-up, 1440 infectious disease hospitalizations occurred. Smallpox-vaccinated individuals had a reduced risk of all-cause infectious disease hospitalization compared with smallpox-unvaccinated individuals [hazard ratio (HR) 0.84; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.72-0.98]. The reduced risk of hospitalizations was seen for most subgroups of infectious diseases. The effect may have been most pronounced after early smallpox vaccination (vaccination age <3.5 years: HR 0.81; 95% CI 0.69-0.95; vaccination age ≥3.5 years: HR 0.91 95% CI 0.76-1.10). Among the smallpox-vaccinated, the risk of infectious disease hospitalization increased 6% with each 1-year increase in vaccination age (HR 1.06; 95% CI 1.02-1.10). CONCLUSION: Smallpox vaccination is associated with a reduced risk of infectious disease hospitalization in a high-income setting.

Publiceringsår

2011

Språk

Engelska

Sidor

955-963

Publikation/Tidskrift/Serie

International Journal of Epidemiology

Volym

40

Dokumenttyp

Artikel i tidskrift

Förlag

Oxford University Press

Ämne

  • Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology

Status

Published

Forskningsgrupp

  • Clinical Microbiology, Malmö

ISBN/ISSN/Övrigt

  • ISSN: 1464-3685