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Policies for the Energy Technology Innovation System (ETIS)

In English

Författare

  • Arnulf Grübler
  • Francisco Aguayo
  • Kelly Gallagher
  • Marko Hekkert
  • Kejun Jiang
  • Lynn Mytelka
  • Lena Neij
  • Gregory Nemet
  • Charlie Wilson
  • Per Dannemand Andersen
  • Leon Clarke
  • Laura Diaz Anadon
  • Sabine Fuss
  • Jakob Martin
  • Daniel Kammen
  • Ruud Kempener
  • Osamu Kimura
  • Bernadett Kiss
  • Anastasia O'Rourke
  • Robert N. Shock
  • Paulo Teixeirade Sousa
Visa allt

Redaktör

  • Thomas B. Johansson
  • Anand Patwardhan
  • Nebojsa Nakicenovic
  • Luis Gomez-Echeverri

Summary, in English

The development and introduction of heat pumps provides an interesting illustration of policy influence and effectiveness in relation to energy technology innovation. Heat pumps have been supported by several countries since the 1970s as a strategy to improve energy efficiency, support energy security, reduce environmental degradation, and combat climate change. Sweden and Switzerland have been essential to the development and commercialization of heat pumps in Europe. In both countries, numerous policy incentives have lined the path of technology and market development. Early policy initiatives were poorly coordinated but supported technology development, entrepreneurial experimentation, knowledge development, and the involvement of important actors in networks and organisations. The market collapse in the mid 1980s could have resulted in a total failure ‐ but did not. The research programmes continued in the 1980s, and a new set of stakeholders formed ‐ both publicly and privately funded researchers, authorities, and institutions ‐ and provided an important platform for further development. In the 1990s and 2000s, Sweden and Switzerland introduced more coordinated and strategic policy incentives for the development of heat pumps. The approaches were flexible and adjusted over time. The policy interventions in both countries supported learning, successful development and diffusion processes, and cost reductions. This assessment of innovation and diffusion policies for heat pump systems can be used to generalise some insights for energy technology innovation policy.

Publiceringsår

2012

Språk

Engelska

Sidor

1665-1744

Publikation/Tidskrift/Serie

Global Energy Assessment: Toward a Sustainable Future

Dokumenttyp

Del av eller Kapitel i bok

Förlag

Cambridge University Press

Ämne

  • Social Sciences Interdisciplinary

Nyckelord

  • energy efficiency heat pumps market transformation policy instruments innovation

Status

Published

ISBN/ISSN/Övrigt

  • ISBN: 978-0-521-18293-5