Defining a strategy of integration of packaging development into product development
Författare
Redaktör
- Jean-Claude Bocquet
- Serge Tichkiewitch
- Mounib Mekhilef
- Bernard Yannou
- Jean-François Boujut
Summary, in English
1 INTRODUCTION
In a global and highly competitive economy, companies have now adopted an increasingly integrated ap-proach to product development. However, packaging logistics has been left out from this integration trend. The reasons are multiple: first packaging is not considered to be an integral part of the product, so it is not part of the product “culture” of the company. In most companies, packaging is considered only at the production phase or as a logistic matter. Secondly, and as importantly, there are multiple ways of inte-grating packaging into product development – and packaging development is often performed by several external suppliers – but no general decision-making supports are available to develop a thorough policy in favour of this integration [1].
2 OBJECTIVE
This paper presents a support for guiding the strategic activity of integrating packaging development into product development. It consists on a set of factors that will help the manager chosing among, and build-ing on, a set of 4 types of strategies.
3 METHODS
First the concept of integration is defined, the packaging issues at a strategic level are developed and the major strategy definition types from the literature are described. The types of strategies presented in the support have been extracted from the literature and cases from a survey by [2]. The factors have been de-termined by a systemic approach and their search has been performed using a functional analysis method-ology and a technical packaging literature review (presented in [1). The factors’ influence levels have been determined by a set of criteria (Impact on amount of work for design development, impact on amount of work for manufacturing development, manufacturing investment, consequence if the factor has not been taken into account).
4 RESULTS
As a support for integrating packaging development into product development. The manager has at dis-posal the description of 4 possible strategies integrating packaging development into product development and a set of packaging-specific factors to help him or her in making a more informed choice. The first step is merely to appropriate the different strategy models that can be as much scenarios or sources of inspira-tion the company could adapt. The factors are of 4 types: 1. the functions the product has to fulfil that can be implemented into either the product or the packaging; 2. likewise, a set of working principles types (or modes of operation) corresponding to the functions is defined, 3. the product physical properties and elements that refer to the functions and modes of operations (these factors are thus interrelated and mapped to each other); 4. the product family elements concern the whole family of a product. A level of influence has been also affected to each factor: direct influence (DI); potential influence (PI): the factor can be important for some types of products; minor influence (MI): except for some exceptions, the factor will not influence the degree of integration of packaging development into product development. […]
The 4 types of strategies are:
1. Total integration: packaging is considered as a part of a product, on the same level as any other part.
2. Extended enterprise: the product company chooses not to have packaging as one of its core competen-cies, but packaging development is still sufficiently intertwined with product development to need a strong, long-term partnership with the packaging company(ies).
3. Virtual enterprise: similar to the extended enterprise, the partnership concerns here only a peculiar pro-ject.
4. Supplier-buyer: the packaging is treated as a simple component of a product.
5 CONCLUSION
Based on 4 integration strategy models and a guideline, this support should help strategy planners define their own integrated product development strategies. Further development should include an empirical database (of case studies for example) to guide further the manager in his/her choice. Instead of 4 sets of strategies, it could be possible to break down them into smaller components the manager could choose. This would make possible to model the strategy definition task as a classification or as a configuration design task, and apply the methods developed in knowledge-based system (see [3]).
REFERENCES
[1] Motte, D., Bramklev, C., Bjärnemo, R. A method for supporting the integration of packaging devel-opment into product development. In 14th CIRP International Conference on Life Cycle Engineering 2007 - LCE CIRP, Tokyo, 2007, 95-100 (Springer, London).
[2] Bramklev, C. Concurrent Development of Product and Packaging. Licentiate Thesis, 2004 (Division of Packaging Logistics, Department of Design Sciences LTH, Lund University, Lund).
[3] Schreiber, G. Knowledge engineering and management: the CommonKADS methodology, 2002 (MIT Press, Cambridge, MA).
In a global and highly competitive economy, companies have now adopted an increasingly integrated ap-proach to product development. However, packaging logistics has been left out from this integration trend. The reasons are multiple: first packaging is not considered to be an integral part of the product, so it is not part of the product “culture” of the company. In most companies, packaging is considered only at the production phase or as a logistic matter. Secondly, and as importantly, there are multiple ways of inte-grating packaging into product development – and packaging development is often performed by several external suppliers – but no general decision-making supports are available to develop a thorough policy in favour of this integration [1].
2 OBJECTIVE
This paper presents a support for guiding the strategic activity of integrating packaging development into product development. It consists on a set of factors that will help the manager chosing among, and build-ing on, a set of 4 types of strategies.
3 METHODS
First the concept of integration is defined, the packaging issues at a strategic level are developed and the major strategy definition types from the literature are described. The types of strategies presented in the support have been extracted from the literature and cases from a survey by [2]. The factors have been de-termined by a systemic approach and their search has been performed using a functional analysis method-ology and a technical packaging literature review (presented in [1). The factors’ influence levels have been determined by a set of criteria (Impact on amount of work for design development, impact on amount of work for manufacturing development, manufacturing investment, consequence if the factor has not been taken into account).
4 RESULTS
As a support for integrating packaging development into product development. The manager has at dis-posal the description of 4 possible strategies integrating packaging development into product development and a set of packaging-specific factors to help him or her in making a more informed choice. The first step is merely to appropriate the different strategy models that can be as much scenarios or sources of inspira-tion the company could adapt. The factors are of 4 types: 1. the functions the product has to fulfil that can be implemented into either the product or the packaging; 2. likewise, a set of working principles types (or modes of operation) corresponding to the functions is defined, 3. the product physical properties and elements that refer to the functions and modes of operations (these factors are thus interrelated and mapped to each other); 4. the product family elements concern the whole family of a product. A level of influence has been also affected to each factor: direct influence (DI); potential influence (PI): the factor can be important for some types of products; minor influence (MI): except for some exceptions, the factor will not influence the degree of integration of packaging development into product development. […]
The 4 types of strategies are:
1. Total integration: packaging is considered as a part of a product, on the same level as any other part.
2. Extended enterprise: the product company chooses not to have packaging as one of its core competen-cies, but packaging development is still sufficiently intertwined with product development to need a strong, long-term partnership with the packaging company(ies).
3. Virtual enterprise: similar to the extended enterprise, the partnership concerns here only a peculiar pro-ject.
4. Supplier-buyer: the packaging is treated as a simple component of a product.
5 CONCLUSION
Based on 4 integration strategy models and a guideline, this support should help strategy planners define their own integrated product development strategies. Further development should include an empirical database (of case studies for example) to guide further the manager in his/her choice. Instead of 4 sets of strategies, it could be possible to break down them into smaller components the manager could choose. This would make possible to model the strategy definition task as a classification or as a configuration design task, and apply the methods developed in knowledge-based system (see [3]).
REFERENCES
[1] Motte, D., Bramklev, C., Bjärnemo, R. A method for supporting the integration of packaging devel-opment into product development. In 14th CIRP International Conference on Life Cycle Engineering 2007 - LCE CIRP, Tokyo, 2007, 95-100 (Springer, London).
[2] Bramklev, C. Concurrent Development of Product and Packaging. Licentiate Thesis, 2004 (Division of Packaging Logistics, Department of Design Sciences LTH, Lund University, Lund).
[3] Schreiber, G. Knowledge engineering and management: the CommonKADS methodology, 2002 (MIT Press, Cambridge, MA).
Avdelning/ar
Publiceringsår
2007
Språk
Engelska
Publikation/Tidskrift/Serie
Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Engineering Design - ICED'07
Volym
DS 42
Fulltext
- Available as PDF - 303 kB
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Länkar
Dokumenttyp
Konferensbidrag
Förlag
Design Society
Ämne
- Other Mechanical Engineering
- Production Engineering, Human Work Science and Ergonomics
Nyckelord
- integration strategy
- packaging development
- integrated product development
- packaging logistics
- machine design
- maskinkonstruktion
Conference name
16th International Conference on Engineering Design, 2007
Conference date
2007-08-28 - 2007-08-31
Conference place
Paris, France
Status
Published
ISBN/ISSN/Övrigt
- ISBN: 1-904670-02-4