Experimental Determination of the Deposition of Aerosol Particles in the Human Respiratory Tract
Författare
Summary, in English
METHODS: A novel method (RESPI) was developed for investigation of fine and ultrafine particle deposition in the respiratory tract. It was designed to be used for human subjects in exposure studies and in typical ambient and indoor environments. RESPI was used in measurements of respiratory tract deposition for in total 50 subjects inhaling five aerosols (particles from NaCl, DEHS oil, two types of biomass combustion and from a busy street) during rest and exercise.
RESULTS: It was shown that the probability of aerosol particles to deposit in the respiratory tract is altered by a factor 2-8 depending on particle size, particle solubility and individual breathing patterns. For particles in the studied size interval (10-600 nm), deposition probability was not, or only marginally, influenced by gender, level of exercise, particle shape and particle density. However, these factors altered the total amount of particles deposited. For example male and exercising subjects inhaled larger volumes of air, which increased the total number of deposited particles. Measurements of biomass combustion and street particles illustrated that the combined effects of physical and chemical properties of aerosols (particle size, density and solubility) may result in substantial differences in deposition. At the same mass exposure, the dose of traffic exhaust particles deposited in the respiratory tract was 16 times higher by number and 3 times higher by surface compared to those for biomass combustion particles.
CONCLUSION: The results suggest that parts of the variations in toxicity of different aerosols could be explained by the amount of particles deposited in the respiratory tract. Furthermore, some individuals may be more susceptible to effects from air pollution due to a higher dose to the lungs.
Avdelning/ar
Publiceringsår
2009
Språk
Engelska
Fulltext
Dokumenttyp
Doktorsavhandling
Förlag
Department of Physics, Lund University
Ämne
- Subatomic Physics
Nyckelord
- nanoparticles
- deposition
- respiratory tract
- health
- air pollution
- aerosol particle
- ultrafine particles
- lung
- Fysicumarkivet A:000
Status
Published
Forskningsgrupp
- Aerosol, Nuclear Physics
Handledare
ISBN/ISSN/Övrigt
- ISBN: 978-91-628-7702-6
- ISRN LUTFD2/(TFKF – 1038)/1-161/(2009)
Försvarsdatum
27 februari 2009
Försvarstid
10:15
Försvarsplats
Lecture hall B, Department of Physics, Sölvegatan 14A, Lund University, Faculty of Engineering
Opponent
- Otmar Schmid (Prof)