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The memorability of names and the divergent effects of prior experience

In English

Författare

Summary, in English

Pre-experimental familiarity can have paradoxical effects on episodic memory. Knowledge of the stimulus domain usually enhances memory, but word frequency - a presumed correlate of prior experience - is negatively related to recognition accuracy. The present study examined episodic recognition of names and its relation to two measures of pre-experimental knowledge, name frequency, and fame. Frequency was operationalised as the number of hits in a national telephone directory, and fame as hits on national mass media websites. Recognition accuracy was increased by fame, but diminished by frequency. Four experiments confirmed the findings, using yes/no recognition, ROC curves, and remember-know paradigms. Hit rates were consistently more strongly influenced by fame than by frequency, whereas the reverse was true for false alarm rates. These dissociations suggest that two different forms of semantic memory, specific and nonspecific knowledge, interact with episodic memory in separate ways.

Publiceringsår

2008

Språk

Engelska

Sidor

312-345

Publikation/Tidskrift/Serie

European Journal of Cognitive Psychology

Volym

20

Issue

2

Dokumenttyp

Artikel i tidskrift

Förlag

Psychology Press

Ämne

  • Neurology

Status

Published

Projekt

  • Thinking in Time: Cognition, Communication and Learning

ISBN/ISSN/Övrigt

  • ISSN: 1464-0635