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Contemporary parallel diversification, antipredator adaptations and phenotypic integration in an aquatic isopod.

In English

Författare

Summary, in English

It is increasingly being recognized that predation can be a strong diversifying agent promoting ecological divergence. Adaptations against different predatory regimes can emerge over short periods of time and include many different traits. We studied antipredator adaptations in two ecotypes of an isopod (Asellus aquaticus) that have, diverged in parallel in two Swedish lakes over the last two decades. We quantified differences in escape speed, morphology and behavior for isopods from different ecotypes present in these lakes. Isopods from the source habitat (reed) coexist with mainly invertebrate predators. They are more stream-profiled and have higher escape speeds than isopods in the newly colonized stonewort habitat, which has higher density of fish predators. Stonewort isopods also show more cautious behaviors and had higher levels of phenotypic integration between coloration and morphological traits than the reed isopods. Colonization of a novel habitat with a different predation regime has thus strengthened the correlations between pigmentation and morphology and weakened escape performance. The strong signature of parallelism for these phenotypic traits indicates that divergence is likely to be adaptive and is likely to have been driven by differences in predatory regimes. Furthermore, our results indicate that physical performance, behavior and morphology can change rapidly and in concert as new habitats are colonized.

Publiceringsår

2009

Språk

Engelska

Publikation/Tidskrift/Serie

PLoS ONE

Volym

4

Issue

7

Dokumenttyp

Artikel i tidskrift

Förlag

Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Ämne

  • Biological Sciences

Status

Published

Forskningsgrupp

  • Evolution and Ecology of Phenotypes in Nature

ISBN/ISSN/Övrigt

  • ISSN: 1932-6203