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Combining gas-phase electrophoretic mobility molecular analysis (GEMMA), light scattering, field flow fractionation and cryo electron microscopy in a multidimensional approach to characterize liposomal carrier vesicles

In English

Författare

Summary, in English

For drug delivery, characterization of liposomes regarding size, particle number concentrations, occurrence of low-sized liposome artefacts and drug encapsulation are of importance to understand their pharmacodynamic properties. In our study, we aimed to demonstrate the applicability of nano Electrospray Gas-Phase Electrophoretic Mobility Molecular Analyser (nES GEMMA) as a suitable technique for analyzing these parameters. We measured number-based particle concentrations, identified differences in size between nominally identical liposomal samples, and detected the presence of low-diameter material which yielded bimodal particle size distributions. Subsequently, we compared these findings to dynamic light scattering (DLS) data and results from light scattering experiments coupled to Asymmetric Flow-Field Flow Fractionation (AF4), the latter improving the detectability of smaller particles in polydisperse samples due to a size separation step prior detection. However, the bimodal size distribution could not be detected due to method inherent limitations. In contrast, cryo transmission electron microscopy corroborated nES GEMMA results. Hence, gas-phase electrophoresis proved to be a versatile tool for liposome characterization as it could analyze both vesicle size and size distribution. Finally, a correlation of nES GEMMA results with cell viability experiments was carried out to demonstrate the importance of liposome batch-to-batch control as low-sized sample components possibly impact cell viability.

Avdelning/ar

Publiceringsår

2016-11-20

Språk

Engelska

Sidor

309-318

Publikation/Tidskrift/Serie

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

Volym

513

Issue

1-2

Dokumenttyp

Artikel i tidskrift

Förlag

Elsevier

Ämne

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences

Nyckelord

  • Cytotoxicity
  • Dynamic light scattering
  • Flow field flow fractionation
  • Gas-phase electrophoretic mobility molecular analysis
  • Liposome
  • Transmission electron microscopy

Status

Published

ISBN/ISSN/Övrigt

  • ISSN: 0378-5173